Bulging, twisted varicose veins can be unsightly, as well as painful and uncomfortable. Nearly 40 percent of women and 25 percent of men suffer from varicose veins. The Vascular Center offers a number of medical and minimally invasive surgical options to treat individuals who have varicose veins.

What causes varicose veins?

Varicose veins are caused by increased blood pressure and faulty valves within the veins. Blood in the veins must work against gravity as it pumps upwards toward the heart. The blood is moved upwards by one-way valves within the veins. When these valves become weakened or damaged, they do not work properly and blood is not able to completely empty out of the veins. This causes the pressure within the veins to increase, causing them to enlarge over time. Thick, ropy varicose veins may result.

Other factors that may hasten the development of varicose veins include obesity, aging, leg injury, pregnancy, smoking, hormone changes, and family history. Varicose veins are not considered a severe medical condition, but if left untreated, can lead to more serious medical problems. These include phlebitis (inflammation of the vein), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and ulcers.

What are the risk factors for varicose veins?

Risk factors include heredity, aging, pregnancy, and the use of hormone replacement therapy. Obesity, prolonged standing or sitting, and physical trauma can speed up the development of the disease.

What are the symptoms for varicose veins?

Patients with varicose veins complain of cosmetic disfigurement, unsightly veins with or without aching, heaviness and fatigue in the legs. There may also be burning and tingling, swelling in the evening, and throbbing of the leg. Symptoms may increase during the menstrual cycle or during pregnancy. Spider veins (small veins, close to the surface of the skin) may develop, and skin may become discolored. Discomfort is often relieved with elevation.